TNF inhibitors have transformed outcomes for many, but not all, people with rheumatoid arthritis. Their approval in the late 1990s was soon followed by extensive research efforts to discover biomarkers that could predict their response and deliver the coveted stratified medicine. More than 20 years later, rheumatologists still do not have access to high performing tools that could inform their therapeutic decision making in standard care. There have been and there remain many potential candidates to address this major unmet need.
The Lancet